Chris Argyris
![Picture](/uploads/2/6/1/7/26170942/5200039.jpg)
- Born in 1923
- Baccalaureate in psychology, a Masters in economics and a Doctorate in organisation behaviur
- American business Theorist
- Professor Emeritus at Harvard Business School
- Thought Leader at Monitor Group
Single Loop and Double Loop Learning
Single Loop Learning involves connecting a strategy for action with a result. When the result fails to meet the expectation, a feedback is taken and different approach will be used.
This cyclical process of applying a new strategy to achieve an expected or desired outcome may occur several times and we may never succeed. Running out of strategies may push us to re-evaluate the deeper governing variables that make us behave the ways we do. Re-evaluating and reframing our goals, values and beliefs is a more complex way of processing information and involves a more sophisticated way of engaging with an experience. This is called double-loop learning and looks at consequences from a wider perspective.
This cyclical process of applying a new strategy to achieve an expected or desired outcome may occur several times and we may never succeed. Running out of strategies may push us to re-evaluate the deeper governing variables that make us behave the ways we do. Re-evaluating and reframing our goals, values and beliefs is a more complex way of processing information and involves a more sophisticated way of engaging with an experience. This is called double-loop learning and looks at consequences from a wider perspective.
Immaturity/ Maturity Continuum
As for the immaturity/maturity continuum, the Chris Argyris theory states that successful employee empowerment requires management to provide opportunities for personal growth in the same 7 areas in which children must mature as they approach adulthood. Along the immaturity/maturity continuum, employees must move from:
1. Passivity to activity;
2. Dependence to independence;
3. Few behaviors to many behaviors;
4. Shallow interests to deep interests;
5. Short-term perspective to long-term perspective;
6. Subordination to equality or superiority; and
7. Non self-awareness to self-awareness/self-control.
1. Passivity to activity;
2. Dependence to independence;
3. Few behaviors to many behaviors;
4. Shallow interests to deep interests;
5. Short-term perspective to long-term perspective;
6. Subordination to equality or superiority; and
7. Non self-awareness to self-awareness/self-control.